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A Changing Skyline: The World’s Tallest Buildings Over Time

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For thousands of years, the technological advancements needed to build taller structures only inched forward. For example, the Great Pyramid of Giza, erected over 4,000 years ago at a height of 481 ft (147 m), amazingly made the list of the world’s 10 tallest buildings all the way until 1889.

Improvements in height had been mostly incremental for centuries.

Consider the Washington Monument, which was the world’s second-tallest structure leading into the 20th century and still the tallest standing stone structure today. Completed in 1884, it stands 555 feet (169 m) tall, only barely edging out the Great Pyramid.

The Tallest Buildings Over Time

Modern skyscrapers are mind-blowing in comparison. Look no further than the Jeddah Tower, which is currently being built in Saudi Arabia.

Expected to be finished in 2019 at a height of 3,280 ft (1,000 m), the Jeddah Tower will be the world’s first building over 1 km in height. Equivalent to nearly seven Great Pyramids of Giza stacked on top of one another, it will be the new centerpiece of the Middle Eastern desert, as well as the hub of the $20 billion development known as the Jeddah Economic City.

Here’s how the rankings for the world’s tallest buildings have changed over the last century or so:

A Changing Skyline: The World's Tallest Buildings Over Time

In the modern era, the rankings can change very quickly. For example, the Sears Tower was built at a height of 1,450 ft (442 m) in 1974 and held the title of the tallest building for nearly 25 years. Today, the building (now known as the Willis Tower) does not even make the top 10 list. Within five years, it is not expected even make the list of the world’s 20 tallest buildings.

So where are the newest megatowers being built?

Primarily in Asia and the Middle East, it turns out. It is estimated that by 2020, that seven of the world’s ten tallest towers will reside in Asia, while three will be located in the Middle East in countries such as UAE or Saudi Arabia.

The tallest building in the Americas is currently One World Trade Center in New York City, which stands 1,776 ft (541 m) above the streets of Manhattan.

Original graphic by: Alan’s Factory Outlet

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United States

Mapped: U.S. States By Number of Cities Over 250,000 Residents

Eighteen U.S. States don’t have a single incorporated area with more than 250,000 people.

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A cropped map showing the number of cities with 250,000+ residents in each U.S. state.

Mapped: U.S. States By Number of Cities Over 250K Residents

This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.

Over 80% of the American population lives in an “urban area” according to the U.S. Census Bureau. But where are all of the country’s largest cities, and what patterns can we see from their state locations?

This map shows U.S. states by their number of incorporated areas (i.e. cities or towns) that have more than 250,000 residents. Data for this map comes from 2024 estimates made by World Population Review, which were based on the latest U.S. Census Bureau figures.

ℹ️ An incorporated area is a legally recognized region with its own local government, empowered to enact and enforce laws within its boundaries, often including cities, towns, or villages.

Ranked: U.S. States By Number of Cities Over 250K Residents

California and Texas—also the most populous U.S. states—each have more than 10 cities with at least a quarter of a million inhabitants.

StateCities With 250K
People
City Names
California15Los Angeles, San
Diego, San Jose,
San Fransisco,
Fresno, Sacramento,
Long Beach, Oakland,
Bakersfield, Anaheim,
Riverside, Stockton,
Irvine, Santa Ana,
Chula Visa
Texas12Houston, San
Antonio, Dallas,
Fort Worth, Austin,
El Paso, Arlington,
Corpus Christi, Plano,
Lubbock, Laredo,
Irving
Arizona6Phoenix, Tucson,
Mesa, Chandler,
Gilbert, Glendale
Florida6Jacksonville, Miami,
Tampa, Orlando,
St. Petersburg,
Port St. Lucie
North Carolina5Charlotte, Raleigh,
Greensboro, Durham,
Winston-Salem
Ohio4Columbus, Cleveland,
Cincinnati, Toledo
Nevada4Las Vegas, Henderson,
North Las Vegas,
Reno
Colorado3Denver, Colorado
Springs, Aurora
Tennessee2Nashville, Memphis
New York2New York, Buffalo
Pennsylvania2Philadelphia, Pittsburgh
Indiana2Indianapolis,
Fort Wayne
Oklahoma2Oklahoma City, Tulsa
Kentucky2Louisville/Jefferson
County, Lexington
Wisconsin2Milwaukee, Madison
Missouri2Kansas City, St. Louis
Nebraska2Omaha, Lincoln
Virginia2Virginia Beach,
Chesapeake
Minnesota2Minneapolis, St. Paul
New Jersey2Newark, Jersey City
Illinois1Chicago
Washington1Seattle
District of Columbia1Washington D.C.
Massachusetts1Boston
Oregon1Portland
Michigan1Detroit
New Mexico1Albuquerque
Maryland1Baltimore
Georgia1Atlanta
Kansas1Wichita
Louisiana1New Orleans
Hawaii1Honolulu
Alaska1Anchorage

Two other warm weather states, Arizona and Florida, also have a number of cities with 250,000 or more residents, at six each.

Eighteen U.S. states in total—including South Carolina, Alabama, and Utah to name a few—have no single incorporated area with 250,000 or more residents.

Cities, Towns, and Metro Areas

Like with all population data, definitions tend to play a big role in what is considered a city. In general parlance, built-up population centers are often thought of cities. However, an urban area can have a relatively big population and be incorporated as a town, as in the case of Gilbert, Arizona, which is included in the above map.

Separately, a collection of incorporated villages can be collectively referred to as a town, such as in the case of Hempstead, New York. Hempstead is an incorporated village with only 60,000 people, however it also lends its name to the wider town (an amalgamation of 22 villages and 38 hamlets) which has nearly 800,000 inhabitants. Three other New York towns listed below thus do not make the map for similar reasons.

TownStatePopulation
HempsteadNew York779,916
BrookhavenNew York483,351
IslipNew York333,322
Oyster BayNew York293,812

Source: World Population Review.

On the other hand, major hubs like Los Angeles often have a central city and surrounding suburbs, which are their own distinct incorporated cities as well. These are often counted as one major metropolitan region, but are still, technically separate cities. This leads to interesting results in the final count.

For example, in Arizona’s case, five of the six cities listed all belong to the greater Phoenix Metropolitan region.

Meanwhile, Nevada has two main population centers: Las Vegas and Reno. However two of Las Vegas’ suburbs, Henderson and North Las Vegas, are separately incorporated, and each have populations that crack the 250,000 mark.

Conversely, in South Carolina, there are no cities listed, despite having a state population of 5.3 million. The state’s urban areas are divided up in such a way that none of them (including the central cities of Charleston, Columbia, and Greenville) end up passing 250,000 in population.

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